THE ROLE OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN ADOLESCENTS
УДК 159.9
Abstract
The study focuses on examining differences in the level of emotional intelligence among adolescents depending on socio-demographic characteristics. The relevance of the topic is determined by the growing interest in issues of emotional competence during adolescence, a period characterized by significant cognitive, social, and personal changes. Special attention is given to such factors as gender, parental education level, and the number of children in the family, since these characteristics are frequently discussed in the scientific literature but remain insufficiently explored in Russian samples. The aim of the research was to identify statistically significant differences in adolescents’ emotional intelligence depending on gender and family characteristics. The study involved adolescents aged 14–16 years. Emotional intelligence was assessed using D. V. Lyusin’s EmIn technique. Data analysis was carried out using Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA. The results showed that girls demonstrated a higher level of emotional intelligence compared to boys. The number of children in the family was associated with significant differences in the interpersonal component of emotional intelligence: adolescents from smaller families displayed higher scores. Parental education level was not associated with statistically significant differences in emotional intelligence. The findings highlight the importance of considering gender and family structure when developing psychological support and educational programs for adolescents.
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